Introduction to the Advocacy Activity Scale

In the absence of a measure specific to brain injury, the Advocacy Activities Scale (AAS) was developed to provide a measure of involvement in a range of activities representing advocacy for people with acquired brain injury. The AAS was based on measures with demonstrated internal consistency and reliability in studies of developmental disability advocacy^1,2 and underwent further psychometric development and validation in a study of a sample of responses from 322 individuals with ABI and their significant others.³

1. Nachsen J, Andersen L, Jamieson J. The Parent Advocacy Scale: Measuring advocacy in parents of children with special needs. J Developmental Disabilities, 2001;8(1):93-105.

2. Schulz AJ, Israel BA, Zimmerman MA, Checkoway BN. Empowerment as a multi-level construct: perceived control at the individual, organizational and community levels. Health Education Research: Theory & Practice, 1995;10(3):309-27.

3. Malec JF, Brown AW, Moessner AM. Two new measures for assessing advocacy activities and perceived control after acquired brain injury. Disability and Rehabilitation, 2010; 32(1):33-40.

Information regarding the MPAI was contributed by the Rehabilitation Hospital of Indiana. Please contact James F. Malec, Ph.D., L.P. at for more information.

If you find the information in the COMBI useful, please mention it when citing sources of information. The information on the Advocacy Activity Scale may be cited as:

Malec, JF. (2012). The Advocacy Activity Scale. The Center for Outcome Measurement in Brain Injury. http://www.tbims.org/combi/aas ( accessed ).